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- Installing Cygwin
- Download and Unpack
- Semi-Optional apps/ Package
- Installation Directories with Spaces in the Path
- Instantiating "Canned" Configurations
- NuttX Configuration Tool
- Finding Selections in the Configuration Menus
- Reveal Hidden Configuration Options
- Make Sure that You on on the Right Platform
- Comparing Two Configurations
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- Making defconfig Files
- Incompatibilities with Older Configurations
- Cross-Development Toolchains
- NuttX Buildroot Toolchain
o Shells
- Build Targets and Options
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- Native Windows Build
- Installing GNUWin32
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o Cygwin Build Problems
- Strange Path Problems
- Window Native Toolchain Issues
NuttX requires a POSIX development environment such as you would find under
Linux or OSX. NuttX may also be installed and built on Windows system
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if you also provide such a POSIX development environment. Options for a
POSIX development environment under Windows include:
- An installation of Linux on a virtual machine (VM) in Windows. I have
not been happy using a VM myself. I have had stability problems with
open source VMs and commercial VMs cost more than I want to spend.
Sharing files with Linux running in a VM is awkward; sharing devices
connected to the Windows box with Linux in a VM is, at the very least,
confusing; Using Windows tools (such as Segger J-Link) with files
built under the Linux VM is not a possibility.
- The Cygwin environment. Instructions for installation of Cygwin on a
Windows system are provided in the following paragraph, "Installing
Cygwin". Cygwin is a mature, well-tested, and very convenient
environment. It is especially convenient if you need to
integrate with Windows tools and files. Downsides are that the
installation time is very long and the compile times are slow.
- Ubuntu/Bash shell under Windows 10. This is a new option under
Windows 10. See the section "Ubuntu Bash under Windows 10" below.
This is an improvement over Cygwin if your concern is compile time;
its build performance is comparable to native Linux, certainly better
than the Cygwin build time. It also installs in a tiny fraction of
the time as Cygwin, perhaps 20 minutes for the basic Ubuntu install
(vs. more than a day for the complete Cygwin install).
- The MSYS environment. I have no experience using the MSYS environment
and that configuration will not be discussed in this README file.
See http://www.mingw.org/wiki/MSYS if you are interested in
using MSYS. People report to me that they have used MSYS
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successfully. I suppose that the advantages of the MSYS environment
is that it is closer to a native Windows environment and uses only a
minimal of add-on POSIX-land tools.
- NuttX can also be installed and built on a native Windows system, but
with some potential tool-related issues (see the discussion "Native
Windows Build" under "Building NuttX" below). GNUWin32 is used to
provide compatible native windows tools.
Installing Cygwin on your Windows PC is simple, but time consuming. See
http://www.cygwin.com/ for installation instructions. Basically you just
need to download a tiny setup.exe program and it does the real, network
installation for you.
1. Install at C:\cygwin
2. Install EVERYTHING: "Only the minimal base packages from the
Cygwin distribution are installed by default. Clicking on categories
and packages in the setup.exe package installation screen will
provide you with the ability to control what is installed or updated.
Clicking on the "Default" field next to the "All" category will
provide you with the opportunity to install every Cygwin package.
Be advised that this will download and install hundreds of megabytes
to your computer."
If you use the "default" installation, you will be missing many
of the Cygwin utilities that you will need to build NuttX. The
build will fail in numerous places because of missing packages.
NOTE: You don't really have to install EVERYTHING but I cannot
answer the question "Then what should I install?" I don't know
the answer to that and so will continue to recommend installing
EVERYTHING.
You should certainly be able to omit "Science", "Math", and
"Publishing". You can try omitting KDE, Gnome, GTK, and other
graphics packages if you don't plan to use them.
Perhaps a minimum set would be those packages listed below for the
"Ubuntu Bash under Windows 10" installation?
After installing Cygwin, you will get lots of links for installed
tools and shells. I use the RXVT native shell. It is fast and reliable
and does not require you to run the Cygwin X server (which is neither
fast nor reliable). Unless otherwise noted, the rest of these
instructions assume that you are at a bash command line prompt in
either Linux or in Cygwin shell.
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UPDATE: The last time I installed EVERYTHING, the download was
about 5GiB. The server I selected was also very slow so it took
over a day to do the whole install!
Ubuntu Bash under Windows 10
----------------------------
A better version of a command-line only Ubuntu under Windows 10 (beta)
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Installation
------------
Installation instructions abound on the Internet complete with screen
shots. I will attempt to duplicate those instructions in full here.
Here are the simplified installation steps:
- Open "Settings".
- Click on "Update & security".
- Click on "For Developers".
- Under "Use developer features", select the "Developer mode" option to
setup the environment to install Bash.
- A message box should pop up. Click "Yes" to turn on developer mode.
- After the necessary components install, you'll need to restart your
computer.
Once your computer reboots:
- Open "Control Panel".
- Click on "Programs".
- Click on "Turn Windows features on or off".
- A list of features will pop up, check the "Windows Subsystem for Linux
(beta)" option.
- Click OK.
- Once the components installed on your computer, click the "Restart
now" button to complete the task.
After your computer restarts, you will notice that Bash will not appear in
the "Recently added" list of apps, this is because Bash isn't actually
installed yet. Now that you have setup the necessary components, use the
following steps to complete the installation of Bash:
- Open "Start", do a search for bash.exe, and press "Enter".
- On the command prompt, type y and press Enter to download and install
Bash from the Windows Store. This will take awhile.
- Then you'll need to create a default UNIX user account. This account
doesn't have to be the same as your Windows account. Enter the
username in the required field and press Enter (you can't use the
username "admin").
- Close the "bash.exe" command prompt.
Now that you completed the installation and setup, you can open the Bash
tool from the Start menu like you would with any other app.
Accessing Windows Files from Ubuntu
-----------------------------------
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File systems will be mounted under "/mnt" so for example "C:\Program Files"
appears at "/mnt/c/Program Files". This is as opposed to Cygwin where
the same directory would appear at "/cygdrive/c/Program Files".
With these differences (perhaps a few other Windows quirks) the Ubuntu
install works just like Ubuntu running natively on your PC.
A good tip for file sharing is to use symbolic links within your Ubuntu
home directory. For example, suppose you have your "projects" directory
at C:\Documents\projects. Then you can set up a link to the projects/
directory in your Ubuntu directory like:
Accessing Ubuntu Files From Windows
-----------------------------------
In Ubuntu Userspace for Windows, the Ubuntu file system root directory is
at:
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